The Pros and Cons of Allowing Cell Phones in School

The Pros and Cons of Allowing Cell Phones in School One of the more controversial and most discussed issues that school administrators face on a daily basis is where they stand with students and cell phones. It seems that virtually every school takes a different stance on the issue of cell phones  in school. No matter what your school’s policy is, there is no way to completely keep all students from bringing their phones unless you do student searches every day, which is simply not feasible. Administrators must evaluate the pros and cons of allowing cell phones in schools and make a decision based on their own student population. The fact is that almost every household owns multiple cell phones.   The age of students who own a cell phone has progressively been trending downward.   It has become increasingly common for students as young as five to possess a cell phone. This generation of students are digital natives and thus experts when it comes to technology. Most of them can text with their eyes closed. They are often far more adept than most adults at using their cell phones for many purposes. Should Cell Phones Be Banned or Embraced in Schools? There are essentially three core stances most school districts have taken with their cell phone policies. One such policy basically bans their students from having their cell phones at all. If students are caught with their cell phones, then they can be confiscated or fined. In some cases, the student may be suspended. Another common cell phone policy allows students to bring their cell phones to school. Students are allowed to use them during non-instructional times such as time in between classes and lunch. If students are caught with them in class, then they are confiscated from the student. Another cell phone policy is leaning towards a shift in administrators thinking. Students are not only allowed to possess and use their cell phones, but theyre also encouraged to use them in class as learning tools.   Teachers incorporate the use of cell phones regularly into their lessons for purposes such as research. Districts that ban their students from having their cell phones or limit their usage do this for a variety of reasons. Those include not wanting it to make it easy for students to cheat, being afraid that students are sending inappropriate content, playing games, or even setting up drug deals. Teachers also feel like they are distracting and disrespectful. All of these are valid concerns and are why this is such a hot issue among school administrators. The movement towards embracing the use of cell phones by students begins with educating students on proper use of phones at school. Administrators who are shifting towards this policy often say that they are fighting an uphill battle with a policy that has a complete or partial ban on cell phone possession and use. Administrators who have transitioned to this type of policy say that their job has become much easier and that they have far fewer issues of cell phone abuse than they did under other policies. This type of policy also clears the way for teachers to embrace cell phones as an instructional tool. Teachers who have elected to use cell phones in their daily lessons say that their students are actively engaged and more attentive than they typically are. A cell phone can be a powerful educational tool. Smartphones have the ability to provide students with so much information in an instant that teachers cannot deny that they can be powerful tools that enhance learning in the classroom. Many teachers are using them for a variety of purposes such as small group projects with research races or text competitions for correct answers. The website polleverywhere.com allows teachers to pose a question to their students.   The students then text their answers to a particular number that the teacher provides them. The website collects the data and puts it into a graph, where teachers can project their answers on a smart board and discuss the answer choices with the class. The results of these activities have been very positive. Teachers, administrators, and students have all provided positive feedback. Many teachers and students would argue that it is time to move into the 21st century and begin using the resources we have available to engage our students in the learning process more readily.

Top 5 Script Editing Tips From a Screenwriters Perspective

Top 5 Script Editing Tips From a Screenwriters Perspective THE END. Those two words, full of the promise of a nearly completed project, can be some of the most attractive words on the page for a screenwriter. You take a breath and close your laptop (or turn off your typewriter) and inhale a sigh of relief. The work youve been laboring over is finally finished. Now what?Lets look at what needs to happen after the first draft is completed in the screenplay editing process.Photo by Pereanu Sebastian on Unsplash1. Take a break between writing and editingWriting and editing are two different processes. Writing is an act of creation, imagination, and artistic endeavor, using predominantly right-brain activity. Editing is an act of sequencing, culling, logic, and grammar correction, using predominantly left-brain activity. In that sense, it is nearly impossible to do both at once.This is why you should take a break between writing your screenplay and editing it. Once written, allow your screenplay to sit for awhile while you take a break. Allow you r mind to reset itself from the right-brain activity that was required during the script writing phase before you endeavor to edit the screenplay in primarily left-brain mode.Another thing that happens over the course of a break like this is you are able to revisit your screenplay with a fresh perspective. After taking a short break, youll likely see things that you missed while writing the screenplay, or holes in the story that need to be filled with an additional scene or more dialog. And its not just screenwriters who are encouraged to take a break like this between the writing and editing processes- all writers should do it. The time in between will give your mind the mental break needed for the extreme focus needed during the editing phase.2. Replace unnecessary dialog with visual storytellingAnton Chekhov, Russian playwright and short-story writer, said it best when he wrote, Dont tell me the moon is shining; show me the glint of light on broken glass. American journalist, nov elist, and short-story writer Ernest Hemingway corroborated Chekovs advice when he wrote, Show the readers everything, tell them nothing.One common mistake that new screenwriters (and writers, in general) make is to tell rather than show. In doing so, they might use dialogue to explain moments in the plot that would be more powerful when seen rather than when heard (or described by one of the characters).If your screenplay is dialogue heavy as a stylistic choice, thats one thing. However, allowing this indulgence in conversation can drag a script down into a talkative, boring mess if you arent careful.The natural inclination among many new and aspiring screenwriters is to let their characters talk and talk as much as they want. This stems from the fact that when you watch a movie it can seem like this is all it is: characters talking. Moving a plot forward through dialogue is simply unrealistic- thats not how life happens.This is especially true in film, which is a visual medium. Un derstanding this, as you edit your screenplay, look for instances in which dialogue is used to advance the narrative when something visual would do a better job.Photo by Jakob Owens on Unsplash3. Know the universal format and use it faithfullyIf you use screenplay writing software such as Final Draft, Movie Magic Screenwriter, Movie Outline or Montage, you wont need to worry about the formatting required for your screenplay. In fact, it is highly recommended that you use one of these programs instead of attempting to format your script on Microsoft Word.However, if you dont have access to any of these programs, youll need to ensure that your screenplay is formatted correctly before submitting it to production companies, contests, or other agencies.Here are the basic requirements, as discussed on Screenwriting.io. Your screenplay should have:12-point Courier font1.5-inch left margin1-inch right margin (between .5 inches and 1.25 inches), ragged1-inch top and bottom marginsApproximate ly 55 lines per page, regardless of paper size (top and bottom margins adjusted accordingly). This does not include the page number, or spaces after it.Dialogue speaker names (in all caps) 3.7 inches from left side of page (2.2 inches from margin)Actor parentheticals 3.1 inches from left side of page (1.6 inches from margin)Dialogue 2.5 inches from left side of page (1.5 inches from margin)Pages should be numbered in the top right corner, flush to the right margin, a half-inch from the top of the page. Numbers should be followed by a period. The first page is not numbered. The title page is neither numbered nor does it count as page one, so the first page to have a number is the second page of the screenplay (third sheet of paper, including the title page), which is numbered 2.Examples of properly formatted screenplays can be found in the johnaugust.com library.4. Make sure it follows the Blake Snyder beat sheetWhile this is something that should be done in your initial screenplay o utline before you begin writing, you can use it to rearrange scenes in the editing process once your first draft has been completed. Rearranging is not only useful in the script editing phase- it can be highly effective in turning your screenplay into the success you want it to be.Blake Snyder, the bestselling author of the Save The Cat! series, was an American screenwriter, consultant, author and educator who became one of the most popular writing mentors in the film industry. He led international seminars and workshops for writers across various genres and was hired as a consultant for many of Hollywoods biggest studios.In his screenplay writing and consulting career, and after viewing thousands of screenplays that were made into blockbuster movies, he came up with a beat sheet comprised of 15 beats that should be in every screenplay. From his book Save the Cat! Goes to the Movies, heres the list:Opening Image – The scene in the screenplay that sets up the tone, type, and i nitial salvo of a film. It is the opposite of the Final Image.Theme Stated – Usually spoken to the min character, often without knowing what is said will be vital to his surviving the tale. Basically, what your screenplay is about.Set-up – The first 10 pages of the script that not only grab the audiences interest, but introduce or hint at introducing the characters of the A story.Catalyst – Something that is done to the hero to shake him. Consider it the movies first whammy (the letter with important news, the knock at the door, etc.)Debate – The section of the script, be it a scene or a series of scenes, when the hero doubts the journey he must take.Break into Two – This is the beginning of Act Two, at which point we leave the Thesis world behind and enter the upside-down Anti-thesis world of Act Two. The hero makes a choice and his journey begins.B Story – This is traditionally the love story (if the screenplay isnt already a romance), and is where the discussion about the theme of a good movie is found.Fun and Games – Here, we forget plot and enjoy set pieces and trailer moments, reveling in the promise of the premise.Midpoint – The dividing line between the two halves of a movie. Stakes are raised and we start putting the squeeze on our hero(es).Bad Guys Close In – Both internally (problems inside the heros team) and externally (as actual bad guys tighten their grip), real pressure is applied.All is Lost – The false defeat and the place where we find the whiff of death, because something must die here.Dark Night of the Soul – The part of the script where the hero has lost all hope.Break Into Three (but not for long!) – Thanks to new inspiration or a last-minute action from the love interest in the B story, the hero chooses to fight.Finale – The Synthesis of two worlds: From what was and that which has been learned, the hero forges a third way.Final Image – The opposite of the Opening Image, proving that a change has occurred. Since all stories are about transformation, the change should be dramatic.Save The Cat! Goes To The Movies by Blake Snyder5. Look carefully for any grammar, spelling, or capitalization, punctuation or syntax mistakesFinally, once youve followed the other steps mentioned in this article and have completed the second draft, look carefully through the entire screenplay for any grammar, spelling, capitalization, punctuation, or syntax mistakes. While you hope your script stands on its own when sent to production companies or agents, small editorial mistakes can be a big red flag for people in the industry reading your script. Not only do such mistakes make your screenplay seem amateur, it also makes you come across as less than professional- a quality that you want to avoid at all costs when trying to sell your script.If you feel that you lack the English skills to conduct such a thorough edit for your screenplay, its b est to hire a professional to do it for you. The money you spend on doing so would be returned and multiplied in getting your script chosen by a production company or agent.

Living Long and Keeping Well Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Living Long and Keeping Well - Essay Example In their article "Living Long and Keeping Well: Elderly Canadians Account for Success in Aging," by Bassett, R; Bourbonnais, V; and McDowell, I, the writers have correctly researched aging population in Canada to find out the causes for their long life and well-being. Nonetheless, they have not found anything new in the research made by them. The research made by Bassett, R. et al lacks depth. Let me hasten to mention that if the purpose of the article is to reinforce the theory of good living and nutritious diet for long living, I have no objection to it. Indeed, in this age of fast and junk food, the need of nutritious diet has to be constantly reminded to make the right impact. However, my point is that Bassett et al have come up with analyses that do not provide any new insight into the causes that make for long, healthy lives. Reasons such as: keeping active, maintaining good nutrition, and the explanation of Francophones and Anglophones are very broad and these are useful in the case of every age group. The actual reason for longevity must go beyond what have been mentioned in the research (Canadian Journal on Aging). As already mentioned in the problem citing activities, good nutrition, etc. do not convincingly prove longevity. The hypotheses are based on general activities and food intake that anyway make for good health in any age group. There must be certain aspect unique to each individual responsible for his or her carrying on with aplomb even in advanced years. It may be the cup of green tea an aged couple may have been taking regularly since their middle years. It may be a long walk a bachelor may be enjoying since his youth. Such unique aspects have not been adequately covered. Samples There has not enough samples been tested to find out the end results of certain unique behavior. As mentioned earlier, an aged couple may have found elixir in the green cup of tea they have consumed regularly since their middle years. Talking to individuals and couples on the reason they feel are responsible for their longevity and analyzing them could prove to be more effective in the type of research Bassett et al have undertaken. Variables The variables researched by Bassett, R et al are too broad to be cited for the purpose of this study. Undoubtedly, they have come back to the same point of good hygiene and proper diet. However, there are millions who are equally adept at consuming good diet all their years and they have not lived long enough to convince the world that they have done nothing wrong to have their life cut short. Method Likewise, the method adopted for the purpose of the research does not cover well the precise reasons for the longevity of the aged in Canada. The reason that "physical illness was less significant than the will to adapt to illness and avoid further physical decline as long as possible" is also much too broad to shed any light on the uniqueness of the research (Canadian Journal on Aging). Conclusion After going through the article and reflecting on the points made by the writers, I am unable to find justification for treating the article with so much concern. This research would be better made by lay

RS DB 2 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

RS DB 2 - Research Paper Example Revenue for sales is always associated with expenses. The common expenses are cost of revenue or cost of goods sold, general and administrative expenses, non-recessing expenses, and other expenses. The above-mentioned expenses when added to the revenue we get gross profit or loss, and operating income or loss. This assignment will limit to Radio Shacks sales revenue. The activities mentioned above are operating activities. Operating activities in business are associated with the revenue and expenses or in other word cash inflows and outflows. Thus, operational activity in accounting is called cash flow. This assignment will limit to the study of Radio Shack’s cash flow from the operation in the fiscal 2010 year. Cash flow from operations may be calculated using direct or indirect method. This assignment will use the indirect method. Necessary data, in this purpose, will be acquired from company’s Income statement and Balance sheet (Yahoo; YCHARTS). Sales Revenue for yea r 2010 = 4,265,200,000 (Yahoo) Cash at the beginning of the year 2010 = 908,200,000 (YCHARTS a) Operating Cash Flow (OCF) calculation (Accounting Explained) Net income 190,700,000 Adjustment to the net income 38,600,000 Depreciation 99,200,000 Net payable 600,100,000 Deferred Tax 12,000,000 Net Receivable -377,500,000 OCF 563,100,000 Cash at the end 2010 = Cash at the beginning + OCF = 908,200,000 + 563,100,000 = 1,471,300,000 However, according to the company Cash flow (YCHARTS a) statement, cash at the end of 2010 was 569,400,000. This shows that company did not collect all revenue, which is also shown through the increase in receivable from 2009 to 2010 (YCHARTS b). The company made more sales than cash collections. Question 2 Sales revenue and Net income trend analysis Radio Shack 2008 2009 Growth / Decline 2010 Growth / Decline 2011    Sales 4,224,000,000 4,276,000,000 1.23% 4,266,000,000 -0.23% 4,378,000,000 2.63% Net income 189,400,000 205,000,000 8.24% 206,100,000 0.54% 72 ,200,000 -64.97% Cost of revenue 2,302,000,000 2,314,000,000 0.52% 2,352,000,000 1.64% 2,567,000,000 9.14% Gross profit 1,923,000,000 1,962,000,000 2.03% 1,914,000,000 -2.45% 1,811,000,000 -5.38% BestBuy Sales    45,020,000,000    49,690,000,000 10.37% 49,750,000,000 0.12% Net income    1,003,000,000    1,317,000,000 31.31% 1,277,000,000 -3.04% The above table shows Radio Shack’s Sales and Net income trend for years from 2008 to 2011. Revenue from sales during this period was more or less stable; though in 2009, it was increased by 1.23 % with respect to the previous year; in 2010 decreased by – 0.23 %, and in 2011 again increased by 2.63 %. Net income trend was quite erratic; in 2009, it increased by 8.24 % with respect to the previous year, then it dropped in 2010. In 2011 net income dropped by 65 % with respect to the previous year. The company Income Statement did not show any dramatic increase in operating expenses. However, it was observed that both in 20 10 and 2011 when net income dropped gross profit also dropped. Drop in net income in 2010 and 2011 should be attributed to decrease in gross profit. The decrease in gross profit is associated with the increase in cost of revenue, which is displayed in the above table. Study of net income of Radio Shack’s competitor Best Buy also shows a decrease in net income in 2011 with respect to 2011. We may conclude that year 2011 decrease in net income as a trend; however, Radio Shack’s net income drop in 2011 was much higher than its competitor Best

Change Management Essay Example for Free

Change Management Essay New consultants are hired to help Riordan Manufacturing in creating a processing for monitoring client’s information that would involve all workers to utilize the same client’s administration process. In part one of this project the consultants would require evaluation of the organization’s intranet site and verification of information. This process would help them in creating an improved administration plan which would consist of many components. For example, proposal of a plan to help execute changes during the upcoming year and clarification of the evaluation processes while ensuring the modification plan is completed. In the second part of this project, the consultants will make a reference to a communication tactic for the proposed change and the effect that would potentially have on the organization. The consultants are to come up with a change management plan and a communication plan for Riordan Manufacturing. Section I: Change Management Plan Riordan Manufacturing is an organization that operates on a bureaucratic system. Separate divisions have managers who are reporting to higher up management. However, even these upper managers, eventually, would have to report to the president and CEO of the organization, Dr.  Michael Riordan. The bureaucracy has a system in place that is similar to the matrix system. Riordan Manufacturing divisions consist of people who carry out specific jobs and every division has its own informal systems, which are created by building working relations jointly. Riordan Manufacturing inspires workers to report any problem or issue that they might have directly to their superior. This would encourage every worker to openly deal with the administration, work in a great environment where interactions could be apparent and attitudes can be positive. Worker behavior would improve greatly because of the open door policy and open interaction because they would be able to express their concerns. When workers feel encouraged to express themselves at liberty, it increases the commitment to the organization and job satisfaction. Even though Riordan Manufacturing needs to create new client administration process, it should continue to accept the matrix structure that is currently in place. By creating a new client administration method it would enable everyone to assess the information of all clients. Retaining the existing matrix system would allow them to ontinue on improving team efforts to progress in the completion of the work that is expected of every division of the Riordan Manufacturing organization. Riordan Manufacturing is a plastics manufacturer with over 500 employees and it is headquartered San Jose (California), and has locations in Albany (Georgia), Pontiac (Michigan), and Hangzhou (China). Riordan Manufacturing products comprise plastic products, such as drink cans, custom-made components, as well as fan mechanisms. Their major clientele are auto and plane component, bottle, and appliance manufacturers, as well as a Department of Defense. To ensure that Riordan Manufacturing delivers these products to their clients, they must implement outstanding and positive worker behavior. Worker’s behavior affects they work performance and their reaction to their work environment, their managers, and clients. Riordan’s tradition comprises of fairness, self-confidence, commitment, imaginative and team-work oriented atmosphere, job performance evaluations, incentives, academic assistance, benefits, vacations, day care assistance, as well as the employees compensation insurance. Riordan appears to be a manufacturing organization that is trying to become a first choice for their customer as a plastic component provider. However, as many other organizations, Riordan Manufacturing could experience issues that would need to be addressed and modified. These issues could hinder the organization’s progress and improvement especially in today’s economy. For example, some workers are unable to deal with the changes and they could become reluctant to perform their jobs. Some employees are avoiding changes because of insufficient information on the changes that are being implemented, being taken out of their comfort zone, insecurity, personal views, job security, peer pressure, as well as a lack of confidence. Even though the employees could show resistance to the change managers would help them to deal with the situation and assist them during the transition to ensure that the implemented change becomes efficient. Managers could implement the change by relying information clearly, by being open, recognizing employees concerns, and respecting the employees. Managers should provide support by allowing them to have a face to face meeting in regards to the changes and explain the benefits of the changes by providing additional training. Also, managers must place the reluctant employees with others who are familiar with the changes that are being implemented. This would help the reluctant employees see that the changes would be worthwhile and beneficial to the organization and its advantages, as well as a possibility of their own jobs to become easier. With any change in management systems we will be expecting some resistance as discussed earlier in our presentation. Once the initiative to change is underway and in progress we will analyze the employees’ reaction to the interruption in their daily activates to identify areas that the employees may be having trouble integrating for the first 6 weeks. Allowing employees sufficient time to dissect and troubleshoot some of the unfamiliar process will give them the opportunity to challenge themselves for growth opportunities and additionally allowing them to develop noteworthy questions and concerns that will assist us to tailor the program to their individual needs. Most major changes in initiatives used to improve profitability normally fail due to incorrect guidance and project mismanagement expertise, which we intend to improve with our 12 month program that we call â€Å"Rehab†. Following the first six weeks of introduction the unveiling of our 40 hours of seminars will commence, which will be used to inform employees of how the system is more beneficial to them, and how the Data Management, Business intelligence, and Data Warehousing will be significantly more applicable to the end-user, which will increase their productivity that will additionally benefit the organization’s bottom-line. One key consideration that will be discussed with the employees is their drop in productivity during the first year of the Change Management implementation; we are fully aware that organizations don’t change people change. Using our world renowned process takes time to fully be incorporated in the daily operations; we will be fully engaged onsite with our four member management team, who will be localized and embedded in your organization to assist all employees in-depth with this drop in performance for the duration of our contract. With over 25 years successfully working with companies of various sizes across the business sector, you can trust in our process methods to keep your business moving in a positive direction a while minimizing people risk. Prior to idea of making an improvement to our data management system we would depend on the accuracy of the employees, with the Data management system we will be able to track and monitor everything from Recordkeeping, monitoring, situational monitoring, and performance monitor. The improvements will allow us to do safe guard against violations of right by allowing access to documents externally, use data received to create lessons learned that we can use to train incoming staffers, build a better reputation for our stakeholders by giving them access to necessary information, and last but not least the ability form documents to be tampered will be drastically reduced. We are only looking at a successful change; the idea of failure is not foreseeable. Section II: Communication Plan  The form used to communicate a change to employees is just as important as the change and message in itself. In this case, the appropriate channel of communicating the change to the employees is a meeting with a PowerPoint presentation. The face to face communication will provide an opportunity for the employees to bring up concerns about the change and ask questions. The employees should be encouraged to be comfortable voicing their concerns. The PowerPoint presentation can be presented in order for everyone to see the goals, plans, and details of the change. These channels of communication will provide the employees with the information about the change while the person presenting it can offer reassurance and answers to questions. The group will have a visual to receive the message and the person who is presenting will be able to give face to face discussions regarding concerns and assurances. Potential barriers to communicating this change include the possibility of misinterpretation of some of the information presented, different point of view and expectations among the employees, and assumptions made by employees and presenter. Strategies for overcoming these barriers include the presenter encouraging people to ask questions, clarifying information, anticipating possible questions and asking those questions. The group needs to be comfortable asking questions and should be encouraged to do so. Any misinterpretations need to be clarified. And the person presenting can come up with questions that people will likely ask and bring them up in the discussion to encourage others to be involved in communication.

This Be the Verse by Philip Larkin Essay -- This Be the Verse Philip L

This Be the Verse by Philip Larkin They fuck you up, your mum and dad. They may not mean to, but they do. They fill you with the faults they had And add some extra, just for you. But they were fucked up in their turn By fools in old-style hats and coats, Who half the time were sloppy-stern And half at one another's throats. Man hands on misery to man. It deepens like a coastal shelf. Get out as early as you can, And don't have any kids yourself. Lately, I have read a good deal of poems by Philip Larkin, and one unifying factor that I have noticed is that Larkin never seems to use a filler. Every word in every one of his poems seems to be carefully crafted and placed, to the point where the flow and rhythm of the poem seem almost an accident. One poem I read that really stayed with me is the above poem, "This be the Verse." I will now show you how this poem, which at first glance seems to be written only to amuse, really has a much deeper meaning. I will examine the poem in several parts. First, I would like to examine the use of curse words in the poem, or why other words that would be considered more acceptable to the general public were not used. Then, I will discuss the three stanzas of the poem and what they were meant to do for the audience. Lastly, I will explore why Larkin would write such a poem, and what he was trying to get across to his audience by writing it. The second line in this poem contains the word "fuck," a word that is usually not considered acceptable for the general public. Yet Larkin incorporates it almost immediately into his poem. I can think of four possible reasons why. Firstly, words such as fuck quickly and easily grab the audiences attention. This is similar to yelling "sex" in a crowded marketplace, everyone wants to know what is being discussed. Also, words like fuck prepare the audience for a humorous bit of poetry, and this perks the audience's attention, and lets them know off the bat that this will not be another long and boring verse. Secondly, words such as fuck produce an atmosphere for adults, or mature people. One term that is used quite extensively lately is "adult language." This term branches off of the common idea that children should and would not use such words until they are older and have a more concrete knowledge of what they are really saying. Thus, by using a w... ...of the poem then provide the solution: to stop reproducing. This is where Larkin says to the world that there is no way out of this problem. That the human race will either have to cease to exist, or simply live with all of it's problems. Like all of his poems, Larkin wrote "This be the Verse" with very careful planning and word placement. And even though this is a funny poem, it has a very deep message to share with the world. Everyone knows that the world is full of problems, and that hundreds of organizations are trying hard to fix all of the problems in order to make our lives better. However, as demonstrated in the poem, we can never absolve all our problems because we keep handing all of our flaws on to posterity. Thus, the human race will forever have problems, and although we work hard to decrease some, we will always have new problems, and there will never be a completely happy world. And this lesson can be applied to a smaller environment as well. All the way through a country's internal problems, a city's problems, a family's problems and the problems one has with oneself. No one can ever lead a perfectly happy life. There will always be problems to overcome. This Be the Verse by Philip Larkin Essay -- This Be the Verse Philip L This Be the Verse by Philip Larkin They fuck you up, your mum and dad. They may not mean to, but they do. They fill you with the faults they had And add some extra, just for you. But they were fucked up in their turn By fools in old-style hats and coats, Who half the time were sloppy-stern And half at one another's throats. Man hands on misery to man. It deepens like a coastal shelf. Get out as early as you can, And don't have any kids yourself. Lately, I have read a good deal of poems by Philip Larkin, and one unifying factor that I have noticed is that Larkin never seems to use a filler. Every word in every one of his poems seems to be carefully crafted and placed, to the point where the flow and rhythm of the poem seem almost an accident. One poem I read that really stayed with me is the above poem, "This be the Verse." I will now show you how this poem, which at first glance seems to be written only to amuse, really has a much deeper meaning. I will examine the poem in several parts. First, I would like to examine the use of curse words in the poem, or why other words that would be considered more acceptable to the general public were not used. Then, I will discuss the three stanzas of the poem and what they were meant to do for the audience. Lastly, I will explore why Larkin would write such a poem, and what he was trying to get across to his audience by writing it. The second line in this poem contains the word "fuck," a word that is usually not considered acceptable for the general public. Yet Larkin incorporates it almost immediately into his poem. I can think of four possible reasons why. Firstly, words such as fuck quickly and easily grab the audiences attention. This is similar to yelling "sex" in a crowded marketplace, everyone wants to know what is being discussed. Also, words like fuck prepare the audience for a humorous bit of poetry, and this perks the audience's attention, and lets them know off the bat that this will not be another long and boring verse. Secondly, words such as fuck produce an atmosphere for adults, or mature people. One term that is used quite extensively lately is "adult language." This term branches off of the common idea that children should and would not use such words until they are older and have a more concrete knowledge of what they are really saying. Thus, by using a w... ...of the poem then provide the solution: to stop reproducing. This is where Larkin says to the world that there is no way out of this problem. That the human race will either have to cease to exist, or simply live with all of it's problems. Like all of his poems, Larkin wrote "This be the Verse" with very careful planning and word placement. And even though this is a funny poem, it has a very deep message to share with the world. Everyone knows that the world is full of problems, and that hundreds of organizations are trying hard to fix all of the problems in order to make our lives better. However, as demonstrated in the poem, we can never absolve all our problems because we keep handing all of our flaws on to posterity. Thus, the human race will forever have problems, and although we work hard to decrease some, we will always have new problems, and there will never be a completely happy world. And this lesson can be applied to a smaller environment as well. All the way through a country's internal problems, a city's problems, a family's problems and the problems one has with oneself. No one can ever lead a perfectly happy life. There will always be problems to overcome.

Liberal Nature of Indian State Essay

The state is being perceived as an â€Å"organised structural and institutional whole† epitomizing the power relations of society. The state in a developing society arise from historical factors and interacts with society through its decisive role in the economic process of the nation. To study the nature of any particular state, it is necessary to analyse to relation between state, power, and social classes and the purpose of the state. The liberal democratic form stands on the foundation of democracy. The liberal critique of the Indian state can be read in the writings of Rajni Kothari, Atul Kohli, The Rudolphs, Gunnar Myrdal. The state is associated with modernity. The idea of nation is also linked with the state and is encompassed within it. The liberal movement did not develop in India, as in Europe, in response to the challenge of aggression of king but after a long anti-colonial struggle against the British Raj which culminated in the Partition of India and its Independence in 1947. The Constitution which was drawn up shortly after was essentially liberal in character. It was a product of the Western impact through British rule and contributed to India’s constitutional and political development. The constitution declared it as a sovereign socialist republic democratic country. Thus, Indian state is characterized as a liberal democratic model which provides for separation of powers and fundamental rights to the people. Moreover India is a representative form of government, where elections are held on the basis of universal adult franchise. Ram Mohan Roy, with whom the history of Indian liberalism begins, showed great concern for social reform and the upliftment of women, education as a means of social transformation, freedom of press and no censorship, all of which were inherited by the great liberals of India. Jawaharlal Nehru, ‘the chief architect’ of the modern Indian State,  considered the state to be the ‘trustee and guardian’ of the Indian people by looking after democratic aspirations and providing economic welfare. The influence of Nehru in the Indian state can be seen in the economic front, as it adopted the socialist path of development with a focus on planning for economic development. India’s liberalism in the modern period may best be described as a re-articulation, a re-articulation that was undoubtedly called forth by the new knowledge, enlightenment, political institutions and social patterns which Britain brought with her. The liberal view of the state is typically strong. Institutional strength is key in this and state and society remains separate. The state has to remain relatively autonomous from society. Legitimacy is also an important part of the liberal state, and this term started to be used in India especially during the 1975 emergency. India has been characterised as a ‘soft’ and ‘weak’ state by Gunnar Myrdal. The problem of a soft state is the crisis of legitimacy. Liberal critics have characterised India as a liberal state with strong institutions of the Parliament, independent judiciary, executive, along with fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy. Rajni Kothari argued that the Indian state sought to legitimise itself as an order-maintaining institution. The Nehruvian model succeeded during Nehru’s time, but gradually the masses awakened and pressure for redistributive politics grew. Moreover the state was becoming more centralised and lost its mediating structures of the party system. Ashis Nandy, an Indian political psychologist, envisaged the state as a protector of the interests of the Indian people from outsiders. Although, he noted that the state itself subjected the masses to oppression through institutional structures. He argued that it was preferable as the oppression worked from within and not arbitrarily. Atul Kohli explains the Indian state through its paradoxical apparatus of state government arising from growth of centralisation and powerlessness at the centre. Centralisation erodes the legitimacy of the state and its developmental power. Gunnar Myrdal criticized the inability of the state to enforce public policies to eradicate poverty or to enforce laws and dubbed the institutional model of the Indian state as â€Å"soft state†. According to Myrdal, the Indian state was soft as it had no power to rectify institutions that stood in the way of reform and development. As a result, it could not tackle the institution of caste directly, take measures of effective land reform, eradicate corruption or enforce ideas of development effectively through the people. One consequence of this softness has been the growth of left-wing extremism, which Manmohan Singh called the â€Å"gravest internal threat† to the country’s security. Myrdal’s ‘hard state’ would have been able to tackle Naxalism which has gravely affected the nation. The liberal approach focuses on institutions and processes to understand state and political power in India. The state is considered the central instrument of social progress and principal agent of transformation. According to the Rudolphs, there are two groups characterised in the Indian state, one being the ‘owners of production’ and the other being the ‘labourer’ group. They analysed the state as a mediator between these two conflicting groups, and in doing so, must remain autonomous in order to maintain structural unity of the state. The role of the state would hence be the â€Å"third actor†. The Rudolphs believe in the capability of India to become a strong state, unlike the weak state that Myrdal argued. The Rudolphs’ liberal perspective was directed at constitutional strength and legitimacy, citizen as an abstract category, and institutional strength in the form of bureaucracy which defined the identity of liberalism in the  Indian state. The bureaucracy played an important role in policy making and reflects good governance. The expertise of the members would provide efficient decision making. Liberal institutionalists believe in strengthening institutions to achive a strong state through legitimacy. This extra autonomy of legitimacy derived from law and ability to rule gets rid of the crisis of legitimacy which is a problem of the Soft State as Myrdal puts it. Before the emergence period of 1975, India had a paradoxical apparatus of state government. The excess power in the centre made the peripheries unstable, causing the core and periphery to constantly break in tussle. This led to a loss of faith from the people’s side, and re-institutionalising of the state during Indira Gandhi’s time. The bureaucracy also faces criticisms on account of maintaining neutrality arises if every rule is made by experts. And if the state becomes too reliant on expertise, it becomes idealist in nature. The Rudolph’s Command Polity talks about the state becoming the utmost power. The Rudolphs pointed out that India is a state that works and derives its legitimacy from demand.This polity in India gave way to crisis. State is not an entity which has always remained stab le. Reflection of individual liberties are a part of democratic liberalism. Demands from the lower class have to be included to maintain stability. The Marxist view sees the Indian state as a bourgeois state – where the benefits are only with the big industrialists and rich farmers. Though this nature does not completely dominates the state it exercises a powerful influence over the Indian state. India has a highly plural society marked by various ethnic groups of different language and different religion. After independence India has experienced difficulty to maintain its unity. But growth of violence, regionalism, poverty, slow development of economy has questioned the working  of Indian state and its nature. The impact of social rule is visible in India. Recently, faith in democratic, institution, redistributions, justice and secularism seems to be eroded in Indian state. However, the state continues to solve conflicting interest and development problem. Threats to individual freedom make it necessary for individuals to organise for civil liberties and constantly explore new realms for free expression. To create stability, the Indian state has to be strong. Thus today’s India stands as a political and economic paradox of a rich – poor nation with a weak – strong state. BIBLIOGRAPHY Indian Government and Politics- Sunder Raman Indian Political System – M.P Singh & Roy The Centrist Future of Indian Politics – Susanne Rudolph and Lloyd Rudolph

Promoting Health and Well-being

The aim of this assignment is to carry out a health promotion campaign on an area that I feel is being publicised regularly in the media. The area that I have chosen is binge drinking as it is growing concern in today's society and by carrying out this campaign I hope to raise awareness within my chosen target group. I will look at the different aspects on binge drinking and the different campaigns undertaken by the government in order to control binge drinking. I will carry out both primary and secondary research in order to devise my health promotion campaign. What is binge drinking? There is no actual definition of the term ‘binge drinking' although it is usually defined as drinking more than half the recommended weekly intake in one session. It is important to recognise that the majority of people do not consider themselves to be binge drinking as they may be oblivious to the recommended weekly allowance or they may be on a night out and do not realise that they are binge drinking/. People ‘binge drink for many reasons but it often caused by: * Peer pressure from friends * To escape from the pressures of life in order to relax. * To increase self confidence and self esteem to deal with social situations * To have fun Binge drinking is also drinking with the intention of getting drunk, drinking as much as possible in a short pace of time and also to the point in which you lose control. Binge drinking is caused by the decrease of alcohol prices so people are able to afford more. Also most people today have an increased disposable income to which they are able to spend anywhere, and most people feel spending it on drink it beneficiary. Drinking surveys in the UK normally define Binge drinkers as men drinking eight or more units of alcohol in one drinking session and for a woman it would be six or more units. This is double the maximum recommended ‘safe limit's' for men and women respectively. Many experts and institutions now use this as a definition of binge drinking. The ‘National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism' defines binge drinking as a pattern of drinking that brings a person's blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 grams percent or above. Below is a graph that shows the results of a survey carried between 1998 till 2005 of the percentage of people drinking more than the daily number of units of alcohol: (www.sirc.org/publik/binge_drinking.shtml) (www.sirc.org/publik/binge_drinking.shtml) Read also Six Dimensions of Health Worksheet From this graph we can see that a higher percentage of men drink more than the recommended daily number units of alcohol than woman. But in 2004 we can see that the percentage of men binge drinking has decreased and the percentage of women has slightly decreased. Statistics: Binge drinking has become more and more common in today's society especially with college students as it has become the norm that they go out and get drunk on a typical night out. Below are few statistics that I have found on binge drinking: ‘Joseph Rowntree Foundation found that over 50% of 15 to 16 year-olds have participated in binge drinking, and another report showed that 44% of 18 to 24-year-olds are regular binge drinkers.' (http://www.thesite.org/drinkanddrugs/drinking/problems/bingedrinking) â€Å"Almost one in every six female drinkers aged over 16 now drinks more than double the recommended daily amount of three units,† the Joseph Rowntree Foundation found. (http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_6783/is_2009_May_6/ai_n31616613/ These statistics are very shocking as at the age of 16 girls should not be consuming alcohol never mind drinking the double daily amount of recommended units. This shows that there are no barriers to the age that young people will start experiencing alcohol ‘one third of fourteen year olds and half of fifteen years are drinking alcohol weekly' (www.bbc.co.uk/insideout). If they are doing this now at such a young age then this could lead to serious implications with their health in later years. Two in three of the 1,600 under-18s who needed medical treatment after drinking binges last year were girls. (http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2009/03/22/binge-drinking-shame-of-britain-s-teenage-girls-115875-21217342/) This statistic that was published by the Sunday Mirror in March of 2009 we can see from this that young women are putting themselves at risk by binge drinking. In Northern Ireland a shocking 44% of young people admitted to having their first alcohol drink aged between 11-13 years with an unbelievable 15% of young people admitting to being just 10 or younger when they had their first alcoholic drink. (Northern Ireland Statistics ; Research Agency) 2008 (http://www.derrycity.gov.uk/care/alcoholcare.html) This statistic proves how many young people in Northern Ireland locally have had an alcoholic drink and this could lead to binge drinking very easily. We can see from this statistic that the percentage of people is increasing throughout the number of age groups. Ireland is listed as having one of the highest levels of binge drinking among the 15-16 year age group. In a recent European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs 1 in 4 young people in Ireland and the UK claim they have been drunk 20 times within the previous 30 days. (Northern Ireland Statistics ; Research Agency) 2008 Within the UK the binge drinking problem is also a major concern with â€Å"More than a third of British adults drink over the safe daily alcohol limit,† (The Guardian newspaper) January 2009 (http://www.derrycity.gov.uk/care/alcoholcare.html) However the amount of adults and young people binge drinking is on the increase governments have had to put forward other ways to tackle this social problem in the form of strategies. Below are three strategies that are put in place in the UK today. * The know your limits campaign – This strategy was launched in 2008 by the Public Health Minister as part of a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½10 million government campaign to tackle binge drinking. Its aim was to make aware to people the units in drinks so that they may be encouraged to stick to these guidelines. They advertised this campaign through adverts, radio, the press and billboards. It has a budget of à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6million from 2008 and 2009 to target those at most risk of binge drinking, the 18 to 24 year olds. It provides people with guidelines of how to stick with the recommended daily units of 2-3 units a day for women and 3-4 units a day for men. As well as this it puts out there images of how binge drinking can affect the individual's health particularly through the advert on ‘You wouldn't start a night like this, so why end it that way', in which the girl is shown a pouring drink all over her clothes and vomiting. (www.dh.gove.uk/en/news/recentstories/DH_084904) * The safe sensible Social Strategy – This strategy was launched in 2007 by the Department of Health and Home Office. It set out goals to which they hoped to promote sensible so that harm to the person was reduced. The aims that they set out are: * Minimise health harms * Minimise violence and antisocial behaviour * Ensure people enjoy alcohol safely and responsibly They aimed to encourage a safe environment by focusing on support and information for those who are at most risk. * The Alcohol Harm Reduction Strategy – This strategy was set up for England alone by the government to decrease the harm caused by alcohol and binge drinking. It was not established to cut out drinking alcohol completely but to prevent, minimise and manage the effects of binge drinking. Target group: For this assignment I will be taken a sample of the population in order to carry out a questionnaire so that I am able to get their views and opinions on binge drinking. When deciding on what group I chose to target for binge drinking I took into consideration what age group and sex the health promotion campaign would benefit, will the target group be willing to participate and will they be interested in the research carried out. I have chosen a target group which I will focus my study on and focus the types of questions I will be asking. I have chosen females between the ages of 15 – 18. Rationale for my chosen target group: The reason that I have chosen females between the ages of 15 – 18 was because I could relate to them as they are girls around the same age as me. I also chose this target group as they are easy to access as it relates to year 12 to year 14 within my school. Another reason that I chose to target this age group and this sex was because, when I was looking at the statistics that I gathered both locally and nationally I found out that, over 50% of 15-16 year-olds have participated in binge drinking and almost one in every six female drinkers aged over 16 now drinks more than double the recommended daily amount of three units. Within my area in Derry it has become increasingly popular to drink at a young age and drink is very easily accessible and Fake identification is also on the increase and I would like to be more aware of these issues. So by carrying out this health promotion activity on binge drinking I feel that I can either prevent or delay them to a later age so that they are a lot more sensible and totally aware of the dangers and effects of binge drinking. Resources While carry out this assignment, I have had to gather different forms of research for the chosen topic. I will now discuss the types of secondary research that I have gathered and why these are of importance: * Internet – I have found information regarding statistics for binge drinking rates within the UK and Derry. I have referenced the sites that I have used throughout my assignment. * Newspaper article – An article that was published in March of 2009 in the Sunday Mirror stating that ‘Two in three of the 1,600 under-18s who needed medical treatment after drinking binges last year were girls.' * Television documentary – In one of my lessons in my health and social care class I watched a programme on the effects of binge drinking that the celebrity Michelle Heaton took on in order to show the British Public what they are doing to their health and bodies. It really showed both me and the viewers the reality of the dangers of binge drinking throughout numerous weeks. It definitely portrayed the negative sides of binge drinking. I felt that it highlighted the dangers of binge drinking and the serious risks involved. * Health promotion leaflet regarding alcohol – Alcohol ; Young people has been put together in Northern Ireland. It includes questions and answers on alcohol and there are also useful contact details to contact in order to get advice and guidance. The leaflet was useful as it was easy read and educational for the reader. * A leaflet – I also used another leaflet that I found in my local hospital which clearly set out the dangers of binge drinking on the human body through a diagram. I felt that this was beneficial to me as a reader as it was easily set out. I have used all the above resources which have enabled me to gain a greater understanding of the definition of binge drinking. I felt that this has enabled begin my health promotion campaign with a greater understanding of the term binge drinking. Promoting health and well-being Health and well being can mean different things to different people. Health and well being can be described in different ways like: The achievements and maintenance of physical fitness and mental stability. This is a positive definition of health and well-being. The absence of physical illness and disease and mental distress is a negative definition of health and well-being. The holistic definition of health and well-being is the combination of Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social health. I think health and well-being means being able to run a mile because if you can't run a mile you are not healthy. You might not exercise regularly so you are not healthy. I think hardly ever going to the doctor means that you are not healthy because you don't now if you have any diseases and you don't know if you are ill so you have to go to the doctor. I think to be healthy you will need to have a good figure, need to go to the doctors regularly and doing exercise regularly. Physical needs are all about our body working. Everyone's body is unique and we need all our cells to work because we need to do certain things at certain at time like going to the gym regularly. There are certain physical needs every one needs like food, water, shelter, warmth, clothing, rest. If we didn't have theses things our body wouldn't work the way want it to work. Intellectual needs are the things that keep our brain working like education, mental stimulation and employment. If our minds or brain does not work regularly, this will affect our health. A disabled person will have a problem on learning new things. Emotional needs are all about people being loved, respected and secure. Read also Six Dimensions of Health Worksheet People need to feel, recognise and express their different emotions to cope with situation in their life like: when you fall in love and then get married, you find out that your partner is having an affair, you need to be able to get over it. Social needs are those that make us adapt to environment like making new mates. You need these because it will affect your health. This can include you having a relationship with some one. You need to enjoy your self because this can affect your health. http://www. european-quality. co. uk This is a picture of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. It shows things that a person will need in life to survive and it shows what a person that might not need as much as other things The triangle shows important needs at the bottom and complicated needs at the top. The triangle is set like this because it is showing the things we need in life to survive like food, drink and etc. this is shown at the bottom. At the top it is showing what we don't need in life to survive like self-actualisation. This is the complicated need of a person in life. There is a table that is showing life stages from infancy to later adult hood. Infancy aged around 0 to 3 years Child hood aged around 4 to 10 years Adolescence aged around 11 to 18 years Adult hood aged around 19 to 65 years Later adult hood aged around 65+ years People's health will change during life at Infancy and child hood. At this age the child will need help going round. The baby will need help to sleep. It needs protecting and the baby will cry for food. This is a physical need of child. The baby will learn how to play with toys. How to communicate with others. The baby will start listening to music. The parents will need to teach the child to read by reading bedtime story. This is an intellectual need of a child. The baby will need love and care from parents. This is an emotional need of a child. The baby will need to make new friends and will need to go to nursery. This is a social need of a child. At adolescence peoples health change dramatically. This person will start going on to sports like running, gymnastic. The person will become healthier and will have a good diet. Some times the person will have a bad diet so he or she will be not healthy. This is the person's physical need of a person. There hormones will be high! This person will go to school to be educated. He or she will learn new skills. They will learn how to play games like jigsaw, chest. This is the intellectual need of adolescence. Adolescence will start to understand what hormones are and will start to develop it. He or she will star to have relationship with the opposite sex (male or female). This is an emotional need of a child. These teenagers will start making mates. He or she will start to go out with mates. It will star doing activity (hobbies). It might go to clubs. This is a social need of a child. A disabled person's life will change dramatically like he or she might recover the disability. If the person is disabled he or she will need different types of health. This depends on how the he or she is disabled. The disabled might need help like: how to walk, accessibility such as lifts, needs potential help. Some disabled need help every time. He or she might need help to go to the toilet (can't control bladder). This is physical need of a disabled person. The disabled person will need to learn how to use a wheelchair. They might need to be educated. This is an intellectual need of a disabled person. The disabled will need ways to deal with bullies like: people laughing at them. It will need love from parents, sisters, brothers and family. This is an emotional need of a disabled person. A disabled person will need help have difficult making new mates because he different to everyone around him. Many parents don't let their disabled children out because he or she might get lost or might have got into a fight or might have done serious damage to themselves. This is a social need of a disabled person. At adult hood it is a time to take on roles of independence, lifestyles, marriage, and family. During adult hood people health changes because of many reasons like: Physical, this is a time where we are our healthiest and will reach our peak performance. Intellectual, at adult hood, it will be harder to learn new things because our brain is becoming weaker day by day. They can try to learn new things but this time it will be harder. They can learn to play games like: darts. People go to school at adult hood so they can get educated. Emotional, at adult hood people will become more emotional. Their hormones develop. They might fall in love with the opposite sex. They might loose a member of there family. Social, at adult hood people will go out more with mates. They might go clubbing or they might go to a strip club. They will have more confident. They will make friends easily. Some people might find making friends hard. This can be because he or she might be shy. At later adult hood people over the age of 65, health will change very quickly like he or she will retire. This means they are very old. Many older people start doing things they have not done when they were younger and when they were at work. They might go on a vacation. They might start to play some type of sport like golf. Some older adults are not able to be as active in their retirement as others because they are not as healthy as they used to be. They might also loose their partner or a member of his or her family. The standard definition of negative health and well-being is when someone thinks that health isn't injuries, illness or disease. But this is a negative definition of health and well-being. For example, David aged 40, works in a super market. He takes drugs like cocaine, cannabis, and magic mushrooms. He thinks he is healthy because the drugs make him feel good and tough and he hasn't been ill for 15 years. His hasn't been for a check up and hasn't been to the doctor. He doesn't know that he has lung cancer and asthma. Rebecca aged 20, works as a car instructor. She doesn't exercise regularly. She smokes because all her mates smoke. She thinks it is cool smoking so she doesn't go to her local doctor for check ups. She hasn't been there for 7 years. She thinks she is healthy because she is skinny and she is good looking. This two are examples of negative health and well-being. The standard definition of positive health and well-being is the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. This means if someone is not feeling well he or she goes to the doctor and also has regular check-ups to ensure the body stays healthy. For example: Tom aged 30, works in hospital. He thinks he is healthy because he goes to the gym every day for 3 hours. He likes weight lifting because it makes his muscles bigger. He isn't on medication and goes to doctors regularly for a range of checkups. He doesn't take drugs. Tom has no illness. He also has a healthy diet and goes out often with his friends. Clair aged 15 thinks she is health because she runs a mile every day and goes to the gym regularly. She likes taking gymnastic classes. She goes to a private school called Challenge College. In school she has joined many after school clubs like chess club, basketball and others. She goes to her GP regularly and she doesn't have any dieses. Theses two are examples of positive health and well-being. Here is the 1948 definition of health and well-being: The World Health Organisation takes a more positive view when it describes health as ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of dieses of infirmity' (WHO, 1946) Here is the recent definition of health and well-being: The more up to date world health organisation definition of health is â€Å"the extent to which an individual or group is able, on the one hand, to realise aspirations and satisfy needs and, on the other hand, to change or cope with the environment. The later definition of health and well-being is better. This is because the old version does not include the health change day to day but it includes the recent definition of health and well-being. In the 1948 definition of health and well-being it doesn't say anything about life stages changes every day but it mentions about the mental and physical health. The meaning of holistic health is, when a person refers to (P. I. E. S) physical, intellectual, emotional and social. For example everything and everyone around us and affect our health. We need to be prepared for any challenge in life. Here are some examples: Samantha aged 20, works as a train conductor is always looking at all her aspects of her life like: Physical: She always goes to the gym because she likes to be fit and healthy. She is always eating healthily. She goes to doctors for regular checkups. Samantha goes jogging every morning. Intellectual: she is always thinking on how she can improve her life. She goes to college so she can be educated and she is learning how to drive a car. She has started to play games like chess and monopoly. She has started playing for the girl's basket ball team. Emotional: she has broken up with her boyfriend. She hasn't let the broke up upset too much. She is still living with her parent. She looks after her nieces and nephews. Her grandparents have passed away. She doesn't care much about this because she didn't now them at all. Social: Samantha is always thinking of new ways of making new mates. She likes going out with her mates. She likes going to Hollywood bowls. She spends most of her time with her boyfriend called David. Dom aged 60, doesn't work because he has retired and he is disabled. He always looks at his aspects of his life like. Physical: He has to sit in a wheel chair. He rides in his and thinks it is fun. His granddaughter is looking after her. He goes doctors for check ups. He is exercising his upper body because he can't exercise his lower body. Intellectual: Dom has started to take chess clubs lessons. He has started to learn French. He has joined a basketball team. He is learning how to play basketball. He is learning how to play other sports so he can stay fit. Emotional: Dom has lost his wife in a car accident. The death of his wife affecting him for a long time. He has four grand children. He looks after three of them in his spare time. Social: Dom can't do things he dreamt to do along time ago because of his disability. He goes out a lot but can't do everything a normal person can do. He has lots of mates. Lots of his mates come and see him and see how he is doing. In school and at home I asked people what they think health and well-being means to them. I asked Junayed, my parents, my brothers, my friend Tom and my friend Ashlie. Here are the results of my health quiz.

Concept of Storyboard

Concept of Storyboard Welcome Page There are set processes in which storyboards are created for instance for films and animations either for study or for educational purposes. Being skeletons that give a step-by-step view of what is expected for any given procedure; storyboards become centrally important tools that assist the understanding of complex procedures that would otherwise be reserved for professionals and academicians alone.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Concept of Storyboard specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For this assignment, the concept of storyboards is used as a lesson for how to take blood pressure and in doing so, the paper will discuss details of the importance of consistent taking of readings of one’s blood pressure as well as discussing some of the equipment that are used in the process of taking and checking blood pressure. This means that this storyboard will be a lesson dubbed: Taking Blood Pressure. Intr oduction Page Before delving into the processes that were arrived at in the making of the storyboard fort taking blood pressure, it is appropriate first of all to briefly describe what exactly is meant by storyboarding process. The creation of this storyboard is created in a number of steps so as to come up with a creative and useful thing. The history of storyboards has been that they can be created either by hand or other designers have used digitized computer programs to draw and design them (Struijk, Mathews Loupas, 2008). For the case that the storyboard is created by hand, the practice has been that the first step is to get a template which may either be downloaded or drawn manually. For cases where the designers and producers require details in their designs that are of greater content, storyboard artists usually prepare the storyboards either by a way of hand or by using special programs that are used to draw storyboards in two dimensions (Struijk, Mathews Loupas, 2008). T here are other software that may be used to create superior storyboards that contain greater details that express the exact intentions of the story as presented by the producer and director of the film or animation. After properly preparing these storyboards, they are usually presented to the given project management which forwards to its cinematographer who sees that what has been created achieves the vision and intentions of the director (Struijk, Mathews Loupas, 2008). Having briefly discussed what storyboards are and how they are created, the next important area of discussion is the subject of the storyboard taken for this paper and this is Taking Blood Pressure. First of all, blood pressure is a human condition which medically is generally described as the pressure that builds in the blood vessels due to the blood circulating in them after being pumped by the heart.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wi th 15% OFF Learn More The heart usually pumps in two basic ways that creates moments of highest pressure called the systolic pressure and one that creates moments of the lowest pressure called the diastolic pressure in the blood vessels (Booth, 2007). This pressure is highest in the blood vessels that are closest to the heart and continually decreases slowly as the blood flows further from the heart. This decrease is caused by the resistance of the walls of these blood vessels such as arteries as the blood flows in them. The body vessels that carry blood around the body usually decrease in size systematically as they approach specific organs where the blood is to deliver its products of respiration and these final blood vessels are usually tiny and therefore when blood enters them, its pressure reduces substantially such that by the time the blood is circulating back to the heart through the veins, its pressure barely moves it back to the heart for the process to beg in again. Valves are features of veins which prevent back flow of blood when a person is standing upright since the pressure in these veins is usually significantly low (Booth, 2007). It is observable from the foregoing explanation that when there is a problem with the blood pressure, it may lead to catastrophic problems for someone since this pressure is imperative to be sufficient to carry the blood around the body but again not too much to injure (and at times burst) the arterial walls. It is common practice to take the blood pressure of a person from the brachial artery which is usually located on the inside of the elbow since this is among the most sensitive parts of a human body that reflects the most accurate arterial pressure of a person. This pressure is usually expressed as a fraction of the systolic pressure over the diastolic pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) such as 138/87. It is very important to ensure that one’s blood pressure is regularly checked to e nsure that it is within the medically safe region since when it is not put in check, it may lead to hypertension which is a condition where the arterial blood pressure is too high that it risks causing heart diseases and other related diseases that may lead to abrupt death. According to Booth (2007), the generally accepted blood pressure reading that are considered normal in the medical world usually range around 120 over 80 where the first number is the systolic reading and the second number is the diastolic reading written as a fraction as earlier on indicated (Booth, 2007).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Concept of Storyboard specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is generally considered that pre-hypertensive states are observed when one’s pressure is anywhere between 120 and 139 over anywhere between 80 and 89 and high blood pressure (hypertension) is considered when one’s reading clocks anywhere be tween 140 and 159 over anywhere between 90 and 99 (Booth, 2007). There are critical phases of hypertension where patients record readings as high as 160 and above over 100 and above and usually these stages are so critical that death may occur very easily through heart attacks and related conditions. It is however appropriate to mention that merely having elevated blood pressure readings does not necessary mean that one has hypertension since there are other factors that may lead to elevated blood pressure readings and this factors include times where the immune system is low caused by illness or an infection or even due to stress (Booth, 2007). This notwithstanding, it is very important to keep close track of one’s blood pressure since there are basically no known symptoms that can distinctively be said to the signs of high blood pressure or other related blood pressure conditions. Known symptoms at time as usually as mild as simply having difficult in sleeping, dry mouth or even emotional upsets. The commonest symptom however that is observed in all blood pressure patients is having headaches and even this is not a final pointer of hypertension as there are just as many who experience excruciating headaches and yet do not suffer from hypertension (Booth, 2007). This means that it is imperative to get medical advice whenever there is something that is feared to be blood pressure related rather than merely speculating about it. Menu Page There are different parts of a human body that are generally prone to blood pressure related problems which makes it very important to be careful with how this pressure is observed and monitored. The two commonest conditions that result in blood pressure are high blood pressure (hypertension) and low blood pressure (hypotension) conditions. This notwithstanding, any pressure resisting blood flow in the arteries strains the arterial walls and that only has its potential risks that cannot be overlooked. High pressure agai nst the blood flow usually increases the rate at which the heart has to work to meet the same demand of body organs of the supply of blood and this usually leads to unhealthy tissues called atheroma to grow within the walls of the arteries.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Continued increased blood pressure causes the heart muscles to overgrow with additional tissues that make it generally weak and this becomes a prime recipe for strokes, heart failures, heart attacks and what is called arterial aneurysms; a major cause of chronic renal failure (Booth, 2007). On the contrary, hypotension is not usually a big medical bother unless it reaches critical levels that cause dizziness and/or fainting (Booth, 2007). This happens when the arterial pressure reduces so much to a critical level where the perfusion of the brain is changed to become extremely decreased which means that there is insufficient supply of blood to it. This should however not be confused by orthostatic hypotension which is a condition where gravity in some cases reduces blood pressure significantly when someone stands up from a sitting position and in the process may experience dizziness as a result of reduced cardiac output due to reduced stroke volume. Other causes of hypotension includ e sepsis, blood loss, eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, and hormonal abnormalities like the case of Addison’s disease and among others (Booth, 2007). There are different ways that are used in taking blood pressure and this can be either at home (for personal regular checkups) or in a hospital (in the event that there is real concern to warrant medical attention). All of these procedures, taking of the readings is usually simply done by using special equipment that when strapped to different parts of the body (especially the inner side of an arm around the elbow point or on the tip of a finger) show the readings of the blood displayed as a fraction with the systolic reading presented over the diastolic reading (Booth, 2007). Some of the common equipment that are used include the aneroid monitor which has a dial gauge that shows reading via a pointer and the other common one is the digital blood pressure monitor which can either have automatic or manual cuffs and usually has an in-built stethoscope that helps it to flash its reading on a digital screen (Booth, 2007). Another equipment that is used in hospitals is the sphygmomanometer which uses the height of a mercury column to indicate its readings that are given in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The figure below shows some of these equipments. Figure 1. Types of Equipment that are used to measure blood pressure Auscultatory Sphygmomanometer with stethoscope Mercury Manometer Sphygmomanometer Omron Hem 907 Xl Professional Blood Pressure Monitor Enabling Objectives The following are the enabling objectives for lesson on taking Blood Pressure. Simplicity – it was desirable to ensure that the lesson that is presented is simple to follow and understand for ease of design and production. Cost effectiveness – this is an objective that required that the storyboard’s cost as compared to its quality and usage measures up to a given margin that is meaningful and rational . Relevance – this was an objective that required that the storyboard is relevant for the purpose for which it is designed which was to work as a lesson for taking blood pressure readings. Social interactiveness – this objective was to ensure that the lesson was acceptable in the cases of its diverse audience were critical about it. It was intended to identify with the social networks of the persons that would be reached by it. Instructional Unit The following are four core questions that are presented to gauge the understanding of this lesson to anyone who partakes in it. They are true of false questions. Blood Pressure is a condition that is difficult to observe and one that does not have distinct symptoms. True False The process of taking blood pressure requires professional training and therefore people with such knowledge cannot take blood pressure readings. True False Anytime there is a slight deviation in the blood pressure taken is an indication that th ere is either hypertension or hypotension and therefore one needs get serious medical attention. True False Blood pressure is a condition that when left to get to critical levels can become lethal and even cause death through strokes, heat failures and heart attacks. True False References Booth, J. (2007). A Short History of Blood Pressure Measurement. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 70(11), 793–799. Struijk, P., Mathews, V.J., Loupas, T. (2008). Blood Pressure Estimation in the Human Fetal Descending Aorta. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 32(5), 673–681.

The History of Shoes and Footwear

The History of Shoes and Footwear The history of shoes - that is to say, archaeological and paleoanthropological evidence for the earliest use of protective coverings for the human foot - appears to start during the Middle Paleolithic period of approximately 40,000 years ago. The Oldest Shoes The oldest shoes recovered to date are sandals found at several Archaic (~6500-9000 years bp) and a few Paleoindian (~9000-12,000 years bp) sites in the American southwest. Dozens of Archaic period sandals were recovered by Luther Cressman at the Fort Rock site in Oregon, direct-dated ~7500 BP. Fort Rock-style sandals have also been found at sites dated 10,500-9200 cal BP at Cougar Mountain and Catlow Caves. Others include the Chevelon Canyon sandal, direct-dated to 8,300 years ago, and some cordage fragments at the Daisy Cave site in California (8,600 years bp). In Europe, preservation has not been as fortuitous. Within the Upper Paleolithic layers of the cave site of Grotte de Fontanet in France, a footprint apparently shows that the foot had a moccasin-like covering on it. Skeletal remains from the Sunghir Upper Paleolithic sites in Russia (ca 27,500 years bp) appear to have had foot protection. Thats based on the recovery of ivory beads found near the ankle and foot of a burial. A complete shoe was discovered at the Areni-1 Cave in Armenia  and reported in 2010. It was a moccasin-type shoe, lacking a vamp or sole, and it has been dated to ~5500 years BP. Evidence for Shoe Use in Prehistory Earlier evidence for shoe use is based on anatomical changes that may have been created by wearing shoes. Erik Trinkaus has argued that wearing footwear produces physical changes in the toes, and this change is reflected in human feet beginning in the Middle Paleolithic period. Basically, Trinkaus argues that narrow, gracile middle proximal phalanges (toes) compared with fairly robust lower limbs implies localized mechanical insulation from ground reaction forces during heel-off and toe-off. He proposes that footwear was used occasionally by archaic Neanderthal and early modern humans in the Middle Paleolithic, and consistently by early modern humans by the middle Upper Paleolithic. The earliest evidence of this toe morphology noted to date is at the Tianyuan 1 cave site in Fangshan County, China, about 40,000 years ago. Concealed Shoes Historians have noted that shoes seem to have a special significance in some, perhaps many cultures. For example, in 17th and 18th century England, old, worn-out shoes were concealed in the rafters and chimneys of homes. Researchers such as Houlbrook suggest that although the precise nature of the practice is unknown, a concealed shoe may share some properties with other hidden examples of ritual recycling such as secondary burials, or may be a symbol of protection of the home against evil spirits. The time-depth of some particular significance of shoes appears to date from at least the Chalcolithic period: Tell Braks Eye-Temple in Syria included a limestone votive shoe. Houlbrooks article is a good starting point for people investigating this curious issue. Sources See the page on Fort Rock sandals from the University of Oregon for a detailed description of the shoes and a bibliography of site reports.Geib, Phil R. 2000 Sandal types and Archaic prehistory on the Colorado plateau. American Antiquity  65(3):509-524.Houlbrook C. 2013. Ritual, Recycling and Recontextualization: Putting the Concealed Shoe into Context. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 23(01):99-112.Pinhasi R, Gasparian B, Areshian G, Zardaryan D, Smith A, Bar-Oz G, and Higham T. 2010. First Direct Evidence of Chalcolithic Footwear from the Near Eastern Highlands. PLoS ONE 5(6):e10984. Free to downloadTrinkaus, Erik 2005 Anatomical evidence for the antiquity of human footwear use. Journal of Archaeological Science 32(10):1515-1526.Trinkaus, Erik and Hong Shang 2008 Anatomical evidence for the antiquity of human footwear: Tianyuan and Sunghir. Journal of Archaeological Science 35(7):1928-1933.

Legalization of Marijuana Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legalization of Marijuana - Research Paper Example The same way, if people were able to look past the intoxicating nature of marijuana that leads to its abuse, they would be able to find several positive characteristics of this substance, which can be used to the advantage of several causes. These characteristics are plentiful, and thus reinforce the idea that marijuana should be legalized. One very well known medical use of marijuana is in the treatment and control of glaucoma (ProCon.org, 2011). This disease affects several people every year. The main symptom is intraocular pressure in the eye, which is an elevated pressure, which causes nerve damage and impairs the vision of the patient, sometimes to the extent of blindness. While marijuana is not always helpful in curing this disease, it has an active ingredient THC, which helps reduce the intraocular pressure in the eye. This does not cure the patient’s glaucoma completely. However, it does prevent some of the irreparable nerve damage that glaucoma causes, and decelerates the rate of blindness onset for the patient (Jacob, pp. 75-120). Experts (Jacob, pp. 75-120) often criticize this use of marijuana as a glaucoma treatment due to two reasons. First, they object to employing a psychoactive substance for medicinal purposes, because it has several disadvantages and side effects such as addictiveness and intoxication. However, it is important to note that the alleviation of the symptom of such a disease make the side effects seem small in comparison to the greater benefit that it provides the patients. The second reason why the use of marijuana is criticized is that it does not actually cure the patient’s glaucoma, but only delays the onset of the severe symptoms (Jacob, pp. 75-120). That is, there is no real cure attached with this treatment; it only controls them enough to cause a delay in the patient becoming blind or incurring nerve damage. Again, it is important to note to view the situation from the patient’s perspective, who would welcome any delay in the onset of such impairing symptoms. Thus, this should provide some grounds for the consideration of the legalization of marijuana. Apart from this, an even greater medicinal use for marijuana is as a painkiller. The University of California conducted several studies (California Secretary of State, 2010), which concluded that marijuana could be a very effective painkiller for patients suffering diseases like cancer, HIV, and multiple sclerosis (Doheny, pp. 1-3). Cancer patients in the final stages of cancer experience high levels of pain to which ordinary painkillers are highly ineffective, leading to a high level of suffering for these dying patients. Marijuana, besides its infamous reputation as a highly abused psychoactive substance, is also a very effective painkiller, which can greatly help decrease the pain of such patients (Messerli, pp. 1). However, it does not receive the due importance in this area due to its controversial nature. Furthermore, studies have confirmed its effectiveness as a painkiller for people suffering from spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis. All these conditions cause extreme pain to the patient, and hardly any of the painkillers administered to them are effective enough to alleviate the pain. Therefore, the government should consider the use of

Training Intervention in Podiatry Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Training Intervention in Podiatry - Dissertation Example This survey comprises twelve questions for each of the three categories, Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic, totaling 36. The participants will take a short period responding to these questions by indicating against each question the numbers 1 through 5 that best describes the individual. After that, they are to total their results to identify their best learning style. Nonetheless, the session will involve a mixture of the learning methods. Introduction The human resource department in a given business organization is often concerned with ‘the recruitment, performance evaluation, compensation, benefits, and career development of the employees’ (Duggan, 2012). There is a strong relationship between personnel training and development carried out by the human resource department and the achievement of the objectives of a business organization. ... As a business organization, one of the main objectives is the provision of quality services to our clients in order to attract and retain more customers. This will ensure our sustainable development. A training intervention of this nature is usually concerned with an improvement in the performance, conduct, or the behavior of the employees. Such a workshop becomes necessary because there is often a gap between what is known and recommended as the right practice and the actual practice at the workplace (Duggan, 2012). The needs of the clients to the may not be met fully by the practices our professionals. The clients have stronger bargaining power in this context since the cost of shifting to other service providers is often low, in case they choose to do so following dissatisfaction. The net effects are detrimental to our continued operations. Target group This intervention will focus on the improvement of our performance and the behavior of employees. In this regard, the training in tervention targets newly recruited employees of the organization. The receptionists/front office operators and other clerical officers are the main targeted audience for this intervention. Purpose of the workshop The organization has the vision of being the leader and pioneer in the effective management of foot related infection in the region. We have always struggled to be charming host at every event, attracting suitors from all vertices of the polygon. This has often been enhanced through an effective organizational culture. The employees of the organization need to understand and adopt the cultural values and norms. The office etiquette, dressing code, as well as abiding by other rules like time of reporting on duty are essential tools in the effective delivery of services in a